Winorio Casino

Author: Jonathan Wilson
Last Updated: May 5, 2026

Winorio Casino UK is a brand-new non GamStop casino that launched in March 2025, operated by AXENTRA LTD under a Costa Rica licence. For UK players looking for casino sites not on GamStop, it ticks a lot of boxes right out of the gate — a genuinely massive game library with 10,000+ titles, a bumper welcome package stretching across three deposits, and solid crypto support. The live chat runs 24/7 with real operators rather than bots, which is a welcome touch. On the flip side, there’s no cashback, no dedicated mobile app, and the 40x wagering requirement on a 5-day timer is tight. A promising newcomer, but one that still has plenty to prove.

Winorio Casino Review 2026

No Deposit Cash Bonus & No Deposit Free Spins

Winorio does not offer a no deposit cash bonus or no deposit free spins at the time of this review. Every promo on site — including the welcome package — requires a minimum deposit of €20/£20 to activate. There is no free signup bonus of any kind currently available.

Winorio Casino Overview

Main Features

• Licence & Operator
  Winorio Casino is operated by AXENTRA LTD and holds a Costa Rica licence, issued at the time of the casino’s launch in March 2025. While Costa Rica licensing is not the most stringent regulatory framework — and does not regulate player activity to the same standard as a UK Gambling Commission or Malta Gaming Authority licence — it does mean the casino operates under a formal legal structure with an active status. Players should be aware that this licence offers less consumer protection than the more rigorous alternatives.
• Game Library
  With over 10,000 games on offer from more than 100 software game providers, Winorio punches well above its weight for a casino that’s barely been open a year. The lobby covers everything from slots and jackpot titles to live dealer tables, table games, crash games, scratch cards, and keno. Navigating it is helped along by subcategories like New, Bonus Buy, Jackpot, and Collections, and there’s even a “Find Me a Game” button that throws up a random suggestion when you can’t decide.
• Welcome Package
  Winorio’s welcome offer is split across three deposits for both slots and live casino separately, which is genuinely unusual and a real bonus for live game fans who usually get overlooked. Bonuses for slots players can reach up to €500 + 150 FS on the first deposit, while high rollers depositing €500 or more unlock a 150% boost up to €6,000 with the same code. Each bonus carries a 40x wagering requirement (20x for live bonuses) and must be cleared within 5 days, so it rewards players who move at pace.
• Crypto Support
  Winorio is firmly in the crypto-friendly camp, accepting Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Tether, Ripple, Tron, Dogecoin, and USD Coin for both deposits and withdrawals. On top of that, there’s a dedicated daily crypto bonus — deposit 20 USDT+ and get 15% extra, or go in with 250 USDT+ and unlock a 25% boost up to 1 BTC using the code CRYPTO. Crypto withdrawals are typically instant, making this one of the faster cashout routes available at the casino.
• Loyalty & VIP Programme
  Winorio runs two separate reward structures — a loyalty programme and a VIP programme — that can be used simultaneously for stacked benefits. The loyalty programme advances automatically as you play and place bets, making it accessible to any active player regardless of deposit size. The VIP programme requires either 100 points per week, 200 points per month (1 point per £10 deposited in real money), or a single deposit of €1,000 to unlock VIP Silver status and above.
• Customer Support
  Support at Winorio is available 24/7 via live chat, and notably uses real operators rather than automated bots — something that immediately sets it apart from a lot of newer casinos. You can also reach the team by email at [email protected] or through the on-site contact form. Phone support is not available at the time of this review, and social media contact options are also absent, but the live chat response quality is solid for a casino this young.
• Mobile Compatibility
  There is no dedicated iOS or Android app for Winorio Casino at the time of this review. However, the site is fully optimised for mobile browsers and runs smoothly on both smartphones and tablets without any noticeable loss of speed or functionality. All features — including the cashier, bonus activation, and the full game lobby — are accessible directly from a mobile browser, so the lack of an app is unlikely to cause any real inconvenience for most players.
• Responsible Gambling
  Winorio provides players with a set of self-management tools including deposit limits, loss limits, wager limits, game session limits, and time limits, all of which can be set by contacting the support team via email. The casino also links to external support organisations including GamCare, Gamblers Anonymous, Gambling Therapy, and Gordon House. As a casino not on GamStop, Winorio will not appear on the GamStop self-exclusion register, which is worth bearing in mind for any player who relies on that scheme.

Promotions and Bonuses at Winorio Casino 

Winorio Casino comes out swinging with one of the more varied bonuses and promotions you’ll find at a non GamStop casino, covering welcome offers for slots players, live casino enthusiasts, and high rollers alike — all backed by a dedicated crypto bonus and a multi-level loyalty programme. What makes it stand out is the deliberate separation of slot and live bonuses, meaning both camps get a proper welcome rather than the usual setup where live games are quietly excluded. The wagering requirements sit at a fairly standard 40x for slots bonuses and a much more player-friendly 20x for live offers, which is genuinely competitive across the board.

• Welcome Bonus
  Winorio’s welcome package is split into two parallel tracks — one for slots, one for live casino — and both run across your first three deposits, giving you plenty of runway to make the most of the offer. On the slots side, your first deposit earns you a 100% match up to €500 plus 150 free spins using code WIN, your second deposit gets a 75% boost up to €500 with 50 FS (code: WIN75), and your third deposit brings another 100% up to €500 plus 50 FS (code: WIN100). For live casino players, the same deposit structure mirrors those percentages — 100% up to €777, then 75% up to €500, then 100% up to €500 — with just a 20x wagering requirement rather than the 40x applied to slots. There’s also a high roller option: deposit €500 or more on your first deposit and switch to the 150% up to €6,000 + 150 FS package, with free spins landing on Gates of Olympus or Bonanza Billion. All bonuses carry a 5-day expiry window from the moment they’re credited, so you’ll want to move fairly quickly once activated.
• Sports Bonus
  Winorio Casino does not currently offer a sportsbook section, and as a result there is no dedicated sports deposit bonus available at the time of this review. The casino focuses entirely on its casino product — slots, live dealer, table games, and crash games — without venturing into sports betting territory. If a sports betting offering is something that matters to you, you’d be better served looking at a different non GamStop operator that combines both products under one roof.
• No Deposit Bonus
  There is no no deposit bonus available at Winorio Casino at the time of this review, and this applies to both free cash and free spins formats. Every single bonus and promotional offer on site — including the welcome package — requires a qualifying deposit of at least €20/£20 before anything is credited to your account. It’s worth keeping an eye on the Promotions page as the casino is still young and may introduce no deposit deals in the future, but for now, all roads lead through the cashier first.
• Cashback Bonus
  Winorio does not offer a cashback bonus at the time of this review. There is no weekly or monthly loss rebate programme currently listed among the casino’s promotions, which is a drawback that some players — particularly those who like to have a safety net on losing sessions — will notice. It’s a common feature at more established non GamStop casinos, and one that Winorio may well add as it matures, but for now it remains absent from the offer sheet.
• Reload Bonus
  Winorio does not advertise a dedicated standalone reload bonus in the way that some casinos do with a fixed weekly or monthly deposit top-up. However, active players do benefit from ongoing promotions listed on the Promotions page, including a Midweek Boost worth up to 120 free spins, which functions in a similar spirit to a reload offer by rewarding continued play mid-week. Weekly reload deals and slot tournaments are also referenced as part of the rotating promotional calendar for existing players, so there is something here beyond just the welcome package — it’s just not locked into a single fixed reload product.
• Crypto Bonus
  The crypto bonus at Winorio is one of the more generous recurring offers on the site and can be claimed once per day between 00:00 and 23:59 UTC using the code CRYPTO. Deposit a minimum of 20 USDT (or crypto equivalent) and you’ll receive a 15% bonus up to 6,000 USDT, while a larger deposit of 250 USDT or more unlocks a 25% bonus with a ceiling of 1 BTC — an eye-catching upper limit for high-volume crypto players. The bonus carries a 40x wagering requirement on the bonus amount, is valid for 3 days, and applies only to bets in the Bonus Friendly game category, with a maximum bet of 10 USDT while wagering is active. Supported cryptocurrencies include Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Tether, Ripple, Tron, Dogecoin, and USD Coin.
• eSports Bonus
  There is no eSports betting section at Winorio Casino, and consequently no eSports-specific bonus is available. The casino’s focus is squarely on traditional casino products, and at the time of this review it has not expanded into competitive gaming markets. Players specifically looking for eSports betting alongside their casino play will need to look elsewhere.
• Other Bonuses
  Beyond the welcome package and crypto offer, Winorio keeps existing players engaged with a rotating calendar of promotions that includes the Midweek Boost (up to 120 free spins) and periodic slot tournaments. There is also a multi-level loyalty programme that advances automatically as you play, unlocking prizes and rewards at each tier without requiring any manual opt-in. On top of that, the VIP programme runs separately and grants elevated privileges — including faster withdrawals and personal bonus offers — to players who either accumulate enough weekly or monthly points or make a single deposit of €1,000 to trigger VIP Silver status instantly. Personal bonus offers can also be granted on a case-by-case basis by the casino’s team, which is a nice touch for higher-volume players who want something tailored.

Winorio Casino Games

Winorio Casino has put together a genuinely impressive game library for a casino that only opened its doors in March 2025, with over 10,000 titles spanning virtually every category a casino player could want. The collection is powered by more than 100 software providers — including heavy hitters like Pragmatic Play, Evolution Gaming, NetEnt, Nolimit City, Play’N GO, Big Time Gaming, and Hacksaw Gaming — which means both quality and variety are well covered. The lobby is organised into helpful subcategories such as New, Bonus Buy, Jackpot, Top Games, and Collections, making it easy to zero in on exactly what you’re in the mood for without scrolling endlessly. Whether you’re a slot spinner, a live table regular, or someone who prefers crash games and instant wins, Winorio has something that’ll keep you busy.

• Slots
  Slots are the undisputed centrepiece of Winorio’s game library, with over 5,000 titles available from dozens of top-tier providers. You’ll find everything from classic three-reel fruit machines through to modern video slots loaded with cascading reels, bonus buy features, and megaways mechanics — spanning a wide range of volatility levels to suit both cautious players and those chasing high-variance thrills. Fan favourites like Gates of Olympus, Big Bass Splash, Elvis Frog in Vegas, Wild Cash x9990, Buffalo Trail, and Book of the Fallen are all present and correct, sitting alongside a constant stream of new releases that the casino adds regularly. The Bonus Buy category is particularly well stocked for players who don’t want to wait around for a feature to trigger organically, and the Jackpot section houses over 1,500 progressive titles for those chasing life-changing wins. With providers like Nolimit City, Hacksaw Gaming, Push Gaming, and ELK Studios all represented, the quality ceiling here is genuinely high.
• Poker
  Winorio carries a solid selection of poker variants covering both video poker formats and live table options. On the video poker side you’ll find titles such as Joker Poker and Hold’em Poker sitting within the table games section, offering that familiar blend of slots-style simplicity and poker strategy. Live poker options are available through the live casino lobby, powered by providers including Evolution Gaming and Ezugi, where you can sit at real tables with professional dealers running the action in real time. Whether you prefer the speed of a video format or the atmosphere of a live table, both bases are covered here.
• Blackjack
  Blackjack fans are well served at Winorio, with multiple variants available across both the standard game lobby and the live casino section. You can play Multihand Blackjack for a faster-paced experience, or opt for classic single-hand variants if you prefer a more methodical approach to beating the dealer. The live blackjack tables are powered by Evolution Gaming and Ezugi, delivering HD streaming, multiple camera angles, and the ability to sit at a real felt table with a professional dealer. Bet limits vary across the different tables, making blackjack at Winorio accessible to both casual players and those who like to push their stakes higher.
• Baccarat
  Baccarat is available at Winorio in both standard and live dealer formats, catering to one of the most popular card games in the online casino world. The live baccarat selection is particularly strong, with Speed Baccarat and several classic variants available through Evolution Gaming and LuckyStreak — providers known for slick production values and reliable streaming quality. Standard RNG baccarat is also on offer for those who prefer to play at their own pace without the social element of a live table. The game’s simplicity — bet on Player, Banker, or Tie — makes it a great entry point for newer casino players, while the live format gives experienced players the atmosphere they’re after.
• Roulette
  Roulette has a strong presence in the Winorio lobby, with over 40 variants available across RNG and live formats. European Roulette is the standout pick for players focused on odds — and its RTP advantage over American Roulette is well worth considering if you’re looking to stretch your bankroll further. American and French variants are also in the mix for those who want to explore different rule sets. The live roulette selection is where things get particularly exciting — titles like Immersive Roulette and Absolute Black from Evolution Gaming bring a cinematic production quality to the wheel that’s hard to match. Winorio’s live roulette tables span a wide range of bet limits, meaning both low-stakes and high-stakes players can find a seat that suits their bankroll.
• Bingo
  Bingo is listed among the game categories available at Winorio Casino, offering players a more relaxed, community-style alternative to the faster-paced casino games. The selection sits within the broader instant win and lottery-adjacent section of the lobby, and is available to players looking for a lower-pressure gaming experience. While bingo isn’t the headline act at Winorio, its presence rounds out the offering nicely for players who enjoy variety beyond slots and table games.
• Lottery
  Lottery-style games at Winorio include keno and scratch cards, both of which are verified by RNG certification to ensure fair and random outcomes on every play. Keno offers the lottery-draw experience in a fast digital format, letting you pick your numbers and watch the results without any of the waiting associated with traditional draws. Scratch cards are spread across several titles in the lobby and provide the quickest possible gaming experience — pick a card, reveal the result, done. It’s a niche part of the offering but one that gives Winorio a more complete feel as an all-round casino destination.
• Live Dealer
  The live casino at Winorio is one of its strongest suits, with over 450 live game titles available through a lineup of top-tier providers — Evolution Gaming, Pragmatic Play Live, Ezugi, and LuckyStreak. The breadth of the live lobby goes well beyond the standard roulette and blackjack tables, taking in live baccarat, live poker, live dice games, live shows, and game show titles like Deal or No Deal, Crazy Coin Flip, and Immersive Roulette. Streaming quality is consistently high across the providers represented, and tables are available around the clock, so you’re never waiting for a seat regardless of when you log on. The fact that Winorio offers a separate live casino welcome bonus with a reduced 20x wagering requirement is a clear signal that the operator takes this section seriously, rather than treating it as an afterthought bolted onto the slots lobby.
• Other Games
  Beyond the standard categories, Winorio carries a healthy selection of crash games and instant win titles that have become increasingly popular with a younger generation of casino players. Games like Aviator, Balloon, Big Bass Crash, Mine Island, High Flyer, and Fruit Paradise Plinko sit in a dedicated section with over 100 titles, offering a completely different pace and style of play compared to traditional slots or table games. There are also virtual sports options and Plinko variants for players who want something with a game show feel. The table games section adds further variety with titles like Sic Bo and Plinko Empire alongside the more familiar poker and roulette variants, ensuring that even the most easily bored player has plenty of corners of the lobby left to explore.

Winorio Live Casino

Winorio’s live casino section is one of the most convincing arguments for giving this newcomer a proper look, and it’s clearly an area the operator has invested in seriously from day one. With over 450 live dealer titles available through four dedicated live casino providers — Evolution Gaming, Pragmatic Play Live, Ezugi, and LuckyStreak — the breadth and quality on offer here is well above what you’d typically expect from a casino that only launched in March 2025. Tables run around the clock, streaming quality is consistently sharp, and the game variety stretches far beyond the usual roulette-and-blackjack combination that most casinos lean on to fill out their live lobby.

The live table selection covers all the classics — multiple variants of roulette, blackjack, baccarat, and poker — as well as live dice games, live bingo, and a strong lineup of live game shows that bring a completely different energy to the section. Titles like Deal or No Deal, Crazy Coin Flip, Immersive Roulette, Speed Baccarat, and Absolute Black are all present, with Evolution Gaming handling the flagship productions and Pragmatic Play Live contributing its own well-regarded live studio content alongside them. Ezugi and LuckyStreak round out the provider roster with additional table variants and regional game formats, adding further depth to an already well-stocked lobby.

What genuinely sets Winorio apart in the live casino space — especially among casinos not on GamStop — is the fact that it offers a completely separate live casino welcome bonus rather than simply folding live games into the standard slots offer. First-time depositors can claim a 100% match up to €777 for live play using code LIVE, with subsequent deposits unlocking a 75% boost up to €500 (code: LIVE75) and then a further 100% up to €500 (code: LIVE100). Crucially, these live bonuses carry only a 20x wagering requirement rather than the 40x applied to slots bonuses, and only bets placed in the Live category count towards clearing them — which is a much more honest and player-friendly structure than the approach taken by most competitors. Bet limits across the live tables span a wide range, making the section equally welcoming to cautious players building their bankroll and high-stakes regulars who want a proper seat at a serious table.

Winorio Betting Section

Winorio Casino does not offer a sports betting section at the time of this review. The operator has built its product entirely around casino gaming — slots, live dealer tables, table games, crash games, and instant win titles — and has not ventured into the sportsbook space as yet. There is no dedicated betting tab in the navigation, no odds interface, and no way to place a wager on any sporting event from within your Winorio account. As a result, there are also no sports-specific deposit bonuses, enhanced odds promotions, or accumulator offers of any kind. For UK players who typically bounce between a sportsbook and a casino under one login, this is a genuine gap in the offering, and one worth factoring into your decision if sports betting is a regular part of your gambling routine. Whether Winorio adds a sportsbook further down the line as the platform matures remains to be seen, but for now it is a casino-only destination — and a well-stocked one at that.

Winorio Login & Registration

Getting started at Winorio is a straightforward process that takes only a few minutes from start to finish. The registration form is deliberately lean — you don’t need to fill out a lengthy personal profile just to create an account — and the casino is set up in a way that lets you get to the games quickly without unnecessary friction. Here’s how everything works from first sign-up through to your first real money session.

• How to Register
  Click the Sign Up button displayed on any page of the Winorio website and a registration form will appear. You’ll need to enter your email address and create a password, then confirm that you are aged 18 or over and agree to the Terms and Conditions. Once submitted, a verification link will be sent to your email — click it to activate your account. Additional personal details such as your name, address, and date of birth can be filled in via your profile at a later stage, though these will be required before any withdrawal can be processed. Note that Winorio Casino permits only one account per person; duplicate accounts will be suspended and any associated funds confiscated.
• How to Log In
  Logging into your Winorio account is as simple as clicking the Login button on the homepage and entering the email address and password you registered with. If you forget your password, hit the “Forgot Password?” link on the login page, enter your email address, and follow the reset instructions sent to your inbox. For added security, Winorio supports two-factor authentication (2FA), which you can enable from within your account settings to add an extra layer of protection to your login process.
• How to Make a Deposit
  
  Once logged in, navigate to the Cashier section and select your preferred deposit method from the available options — these include Visa, Mastercard, Google Pay, Apple Pay, and a full range of cryptocurrencies. The minimum deposit amount is €20/£20, and if you want to claim a welcome bonus, enter the relevant bonus code before confirming the transaction. Deposits are processed almost instantly across all methods, so funds should appear in your casino balance immediately. If you are depositing for the first time and your bonus does not appear automatically, contact support before placing any bets so the team can apply it manually.
• How to Withdraw Money
  To request a withdrawal, head to the Cashier section and select your chosen payout method. The minimum withdrawal amount is €50/£50, and you will need to have completed KYC verification — submitting proof of identity, proof of address, and payment method confirmation — before any payout can be processed. Withdrawal requests are typically handled within 48 hours, with crypto payouts often arriving instantly once approved. Bank transfer payouts may take between 1 and 7 banking days depending on your bank. The maximum withdrawal is capped at €5,000 per day, €10,000 per week, and €20,000 per month, and all transactions are free of charge.
• How to Play
  With your account funded, head to the game lobby and browse by category — Slots, Live Casino, Table Games, Jackpot, Bonus Buy, Crash Games, and more are all accessible from the main navigation. Use the search bar to find a specific title, or let the “Find Me a Game” button make a random suggestion if you’re feeling indecisive. If you have an active bonus, look for the Bonus Friendly category, which filters to games that contribute 100% towards your wagering requirement. Click any game to launch it directly in your browser — no download or separate app is required — and adjust your bet size before spinning or dealing.

Winorio Payment Options: Deposit & Withdrawal

Winorio Casino supports a broad range of deposit and withdrawal methods, and the types of payment on offer cover cards, mobile payments, bank transfers, and a comprehensive suite of cryptocurrencies. All transactions are processed free of charge, and crypto withdrawals in particular stand out for their speed, often arriving instantly once a request has been approved. The table below covers the key details for each available payment option.

Winorio Mobile Casino

Winorio Casino delivers a smooth and fully functional mobile experience directly through your smartphone or tablet browser, with no downloads or installations required. The site has been built with a responsive design that adapts cleanly to smaller screens, keeping the layout intuitive and the navigation easy to follow whether you’re on an iPhone, an Android device, or a tablet. The main menu, game lobby, cashier, bonus section, and live chat support all translate well to mobile, and there’s no noticeable drop in loading speed or visual quality compared to the desktop version. The game library is fully accessible on mobile, meaning all 10,000+ titles — including live dealer tables, slots, crash games, and table games — are available to play on the go without any category being locked behind a desktop-only restriction. Live casino streaming holds up particularly well on mobile, with the video feed remaining stable and sharp even on a standard 4G connection. The overall aesthetic of the site carries across to mobile effectively too — Winorio has a clean, modern look with a racing-inspired theme that feels equally at home on a phone screen as it does on a wide monitor. For a casino that launched in 2025, the user experience on mobile is polished and clearly designed with on-the-go players in mind from the outset.

Winorio Mobile App

There is no dedicated mobile application for Winorio Casino at the time of this review — no iOS app is available on the App Store, and no Android APK download is offered through the casino’s website either. This is not uncommon for newer casino operators, and in Winorio’s case the absence of an app is softened considerably by the quality of the mobile browser experience, which covers everything a native app would typically offer. You get full access to the game lobby, the cashier, live chat, and your account management tools directly through Safari, Chrome, or whichever mobile browser you prefer, without needing to find, download, or update a separate application. Should Winorio release a dedicated app in the future, it would be a welcome addition — particularly for players who like the convenience of a home screen shortcut and push notifications for new promotions — but for now, bookmarking the mobile site is a perfectly workable substitute.

Winorio Customer Support

Winorio’s customer support setup is solid for a casino of its age, with 24/7 live chat standing as the primary and most responsive contact channel. Unlike many newer platforms that lean on automated chatbots to handle initial queries, Winorio connects you directly with a real operator — something that makes a noticeable difference when you have a specific issue that doesn’t fit neatly into a standard FAQ response. The support team communicates in English, and while responses can sometimes rely on pre-written templates for common questions, the overall quality of assistance is reliable and the turnaround is fast.

Beyond live chat, players can reach the support team by email at [email protected] or by submitting a query through the on-site contact form. The email inbox is actively monitored and the casino aims to respond to written enquiries as promptly as possible, though live chat will always be the faster route for anything time-sensitive. There is also a comprehensive FAQ section on the site covering registration, deposits and withdrawals, bonus terms, responsible gambling tools, and account management — worth checking first before reaching out directly, as most common queries are addressed there. Phone support and social media contact options are not available at the time of this review, which is the one gap worth flagging, but the combination of round-the-clock live chat and email covers the vast majority of player needs effectively.

Winorio Sister & Similar Sites

Winorio Casino is operated by AXENTRA LTD under a Costa Rica licence, and at the time of this detailed review there are no other confirmed sister casinos publicly associated with the same operator group. As a brand that only launched in March 2025, Winorio is still a relatively standalone product, and AXENTRA LTD has not publicised an established network of casino brands in the way that larger casino groups typically do. The casino is also transparent about this — there is no suggestion of hidden affiliations or undisclosed operator relationships on the site. If that changes as the operator expands, we’ll update this section accordingly. In the meantime, if you’re looking for other non GamStop casinos that offer a similar experience — a large game library, crypto-friendly banking, and a generous welcome package — the following sites are well worth exploring. User reviews of these alternatives are widely available across affiliate and forum sites, and can help you compare experiences before committing.

• Evospin Casino — A well-established non GamStop casino with a massive slots library, strong crypto support, and a multi-level welcome bonus that will feel familiar to Winorio players.
• Chanze Casino — Known for its crypto-first approach and crash game selection, Chanze is a solid alternative for players drawn to Winorio’s faster-paced game categories.
• SpinTexas Casino — Offers a sizeable game library, live casino coverage, and a welcome package built across multiple deposits, making it a natural companion choice alongside Winorio.
• VegasNova Casino — A non GamStop operator with a strong live casino section powered by Evolution Gaming, appealing directly to players who enjoy Winorio’s live dealer offering.
• Britsino Casino — Tailored with UK players in mind, Britsino combines a broad game selection with crypto payment options and a multi-deposit welcome structure that mirrors the Winorio approach closely.